Menstrual Problems – Diagnosis, Treatment & Outlook

Menstrual Cycles: A complex interplay of hormones and bodily functions.

For many women, this monthly occurrence is a normal part of life. However, when menstrual problems disrupt daily routines, it’s time to pay attention. From irregular periods to debilitating cramps, understanding the underlying causes is key to finding relief.

Let’s explore the world of menstrual problems, from diagnosis to treatment options, to empower you with knowledge and support.

What Are Menstrual Problems?

Menstrual cycles can often bring a variety of discomforting symptoms leading up to your period. Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is the most common issue, involving mild cramping and fatigue, which usually subside once menstruation begins. However, some menstrual problems are more severe. These include excessively heavy or light periods or the complete absence of a menstrual cycle, which may indicate other underlying health issues.

A “normal” menstrual cycle varies for every woman. What is regular for one person might be abnormal for another. It’s essential to be aware of your body and consult your doctor if you notice any menstrual problems or observe any significant changes in your menstrual cycle.

Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS)

PMS typically occurs one to two weeks before menstruation begins, causing a range of physical and emotional symptoms such as:

Bloating
Irritability
Backaches
Headaches
Breast tenderness
Acne
Food cravings
Fatigue
Depression
Anxiety
Stress
Insomnia
Constipation
Diarrhea
Mild stomach cramps

These symptoms can vary each month in type and severity. While PMS is usually uncomfortable, it is not typically a cause for concern unless it disrupts daily activities.

Heavy Periods (Menorrhagia)

Heavy periods, or menorrhagia, involve bleeding more than usual and can extend beyond the average five to seven days. This condition is often due to hormonal imbalances involving progesterone and estrogen. Other causes may include puberty, vaginal infections, cervical inflammation, hypothyroidism, fibroids, and changes in diet or exercise.

Absent Periods (Amenorrhea)

Amenorrhea refers to the absence of menstruation. Primary amenorrhea occurs when a girl hasn’t had her first period by age 16, often due to pituitary gland issues, congenital reproductive system defects, or delayed puberty. Secondary amenorrhea happens when a woman who previously had regular periods stops menstruating for six months or more.

Common causes of amenorrhea in teens include anorexia, hyperthyroidism, ovarian cysts, sudden weight changes, stopping birth control, and pregnancy. In adults, causes may include premature ovarian failure, pelvic inflammatory disease, stopping birth control, pregnancy, breastfeeding, and menopause. A missed period may also indicate pregnancy, which can be confirmed with a home pregnancy test or a visit to a healthcare provider.

Painful Periods (Dysmenorrhea)

Menstrual cramps are common, but some women experience severe pain, known as dysmenorrhea. This can be due to underlying conditions such as fibroids, pelvic inflammatory disease, or endometriosis (abnormal tissue growth outside the uterus).

Diagnosing Menstrual Problems

To diagnose menstrual issues, our doctor will inquire about your symptoms and their duration. Keeping a record of your menstrual cycle, its regularity, and associated symptoms can be helpful. A physical exam and pelvic exam will be conducted to assess your reproductive organs and check for inflammation. A Pap smear may be done to rule out cancer or other conditions. Blood tests can identify hormonal imbalances and pregnancy tests may be administered if necessary.

Other diagnostic tests for detecting menstrual problems include:

Endometrial biopsy: Extracting a sample of the uterine lining for analysis.
Hysteroscopy: Inserting a small camera into the uterus to detect abnormalities.
Ultrasound: Creating an image of the uterus.

Treating Menstrual Problems

Treatment depends on the underlying cause of menstrual irregularities. Birth control pills can alleviate PMS symptoms and regulate heavy flows. Hormone replacement therapy may address issues related to thyroid or other hormonal disorders. Dysmenorrhea might require hormone treatments or antibiotics for conditions like pelvic inflammatory disease.

Rotunda has your back for all your Menstrual Problems

Dr. Swati Allahbadia, a seasoned gynecologist, understands the discomfort and inconvenience menstrual issues can cause. With her extensive experience and compassionate approach, she offers tailored solutions to address a wide range of menstrual problems.

From irregular cycles to heavy bleeding, Dr. Swati can provide expert diagnosis, effective treatment, and personalized guidance.

Schedule an appointment and regain your menstrual health.

PCOS Belly: What It Looks Like and How to Treat It

PCOS Belly: What It Looks Like and How to Treat It Polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS) is a hormonal disorder that affects women of reproductive age. The most common symptoms include irregular periods, obesity, and acne. One common concern for women with PCOS is the so-called “PCOS belly.” This isn’t just regular